Hino NacionalNational Anthem
The Brazilian National Anthem is sufficient grounds for the fame of its composer,
Francisco Manuel. Through its admirably
warm and spirited melody, it took its place as the national anthem before it was accorded
any official recognition. Various
changes made to it have not distorted its essence, though they have softened its martial
tone. Originally composed in a purely
orchestral version for military band, it has been the various texts which have been set to it,
especially that of Osrio Duque
Estrada in 1922, which have somewhat spoilt it.
The history of the anthem is the subject of controversy. In the view of some, it was
composed for Brazilian Independence,others
believe it was written for the 7th of April and performed on the 13th to a text attributed to
Ovdio Saraiva de Carvalho e Silva,
in which there are references to
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